The Rise Of Isis - 1377 Words

The rise of Isis is a big thing in the world we live in now. Every Country is at the risk of ISIS attacking them. There have been many attacks that ISIS has carried out, for example of what they have done is the 9/11 attack, this was a really sad day for the American people. The ISIS group hijacked 4 air planes and 2 got ramped into the twin towers kill many people, and one of the other planes crashed into the Pentagon and the 4th plane crashed in a field, 2,996 people died on the 11 of September. This was all from ISIS., another attack ISIS did was the Paris shooting, the 3 people who are members of ISIS ran into this ma magazine writer and open fire in this work place and killed 17 people, after they did their thing, they jumped into a car and drove off, the reason they did this was because the magazine writer made fun of their god. Over the many years that ISIS have been around they have done over hundred attacks. The points that I will be touching on is the background, chronology , how have we changed, Groups affected and different perspectives. ISIS is also known as ISIL. ISIL stands for Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. ISIS operates around the world but most of the time ISIS operates in western Iran and also in eastern Syria. ISIS has a massive stretch of ground in both of those states. This makes it military the most effective is jihadi movement ever. While the specific size is unknown, we believe that ISIS has thousands and hundreds of fighters. ISIS comes fromShow MoreRelatedThe Rise Of Isis In Iraq And Syria Is Shocking. I Don’T813 Words   |  4 PagesThe rise of ISIS in Iraq and Syria is shocking. I don’t understand why or how they are growing so fast. Per the video, we watched in class, there are thousands of people who give up everything to travel and leave their homes to be under strict Islamic authority. They then become far away from their homes and are potentially risking their lives because they could die in the process of joining ISIS. It is literally like signing your life over. I for one do not understand their reason and mentalityRead MoreIs The Threat Of International Security?1141 Words   |  5 PagesIs ISIS a threat to international security? ISIS is a threat to international security because they attack, murder, torture and slaughter innocent people, villages and cities. ISIS sees itself as the Islamic Caliphate and controls lots of land in western Iraq and eastern Syria. They also pledge allegiance from different radical Islamic groups around the world. ISIS started from U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003. Saddam Hussein fighters were left without a job, and they were furious. Al Qaeda choseRead MoreMiddle East Essay720 Words   |  3 Pages To be frank, I believe there are two majors issues destabilizing the Middle-East: (1) the rise of the Islamic State (ISIS) and (2) a future nuclear-arm Islamic Iran. It worthy of noting that the intricacy of the Middle East did not start with ISIS, arguably so, the Middle-East was always a chaotic place. After the rise of ISIS, this organization managed to expand its operation beyond the Middle. The ISIS group became and still is the most dangerous criminal organization. Among many of their criminalRead MoreEntrenched Sectarianism Limits Optimism, Impacts Views Of Democracy1589 Words   |  7 Pagesof the most important Arab countries; it is unbelievable that we have a Kurdish president.† Many participants view sectarianism as the underlying barrier to improving lives, strengthening the economy, resolving the security situation, and fighting ISIS. Sectarian tensions affect atti-tudes toward Iraqi leaders and democracy in general. For example, many Sunni and Kurd par-ticipants worry that Abadi will only represent Shia interests and think that someone coming from Maliki’s party, Da’wa, will focusRead MoreThe Conflict Between The Middle East And Christianity1596 Words   |  7 Pagesthe rapid rise of extremism, international disputes over territories, and corruption. Solutions to these issues facing humankind are compulsory to avoid some expected consequence. No more than two years ago people thought of Osama bin Laden and al Qaeda organisation if we mentioned the nightmare, extremism. Instead, nowadays the new forces of evil would be the ISIS, also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. ISIS originates from Al-Qaeda in Iraq. I think that the occur of ISIS is underRead MoreThe Islamic State Of Iraq And Syria1746 Words   |  7 PagesSyria (ISIS) is the newer and more intimidating version of the famous terrorist group Al Qaeda. The group makes an appearance in the news almost every day. Over the past couple of years, they have multiplied in numbers. Not limited only to the Middle East, there are people all over the world who have proclaimed allegiance to ISIS. The Islamic extremist group has set out to destroy anything or anyone that comes in their way or do not agree with what they stand for. In the earlier years before ISIS wasRead MoreIsis Existence Of The Middle East1378 Words   |  6 PagesKuroki June 17 2015 ISIS existence in the Middle East ISIS is a Salafi group that follows an extreme interpretation of Islam and promotes religious violence. ISIS has been on a running climb to power and control in the Middle East. The rise of Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS), the Islamist militant group that has took over huge parts of land stretching from northern Syria to central Iraq, and it has struck fear into the hearts of leaders around the world. The main reason ISIS is so terrifyingRead MoreThe 9 / 11 Attacks On The United States1536 Words   |  7 Pagesat the military base the shooter has been sentenced to die as well as most recently it has become public knowledge that Hasan has written letters to the militant Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and requested to become a citizen of that group. As the U.S. grapples with the horrors of the rise of ISIS and the recent beheadings of both American and British citizens, it would be a beheading in September of this year that would shock and horrify Americans, especially in the heartland of OklahomaRead MoreThe Political Power Of Social Media923 Words   |  4 PagesAs of 2015, Facebook and Twitter have a total of 1.49 billion and 304 million active users respectively. This rapid rise and popularity of social media has allowed for the dispersion of ideas quickly and effectively on a global scale; in such a way that is unparalleled to any time in history. Therefore, the rise of social media has created a new, immensely powerful form of Civil Society Two. A form that has the ability to create political unrest and outright revolution in the modern states. In referenceRead MoreThe Rise Of The Islamic State1707 Words   |  7 PagesISIS Essay: The Rise of ISIS The rise of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) or also sometimes known as the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) is an extremist Islamic militant group that has based themselves from around North Syria to the Central part of Iraq. ISIS is has been run by Abu Bakr al Baghdadi since May 2010 and has terrified people from all around the world with their extreme use of violence to get what they want. The group originally began in 2004 with the name Al Qaeda

The Case Of John And Carmen Essay - 1478 Words

UNIT 9: The Case of John and Carmen The case being presented is John and Carmen. The two of the are getting married and have reached our for premarital counseling to help with some current issues regarding to their in laws meddling into their relationship which is caused a strain between the two of them. John has come from an upper middle class African American family. John’s parents are not pleased that John is not going to be readily available to his brother and cousins. John’s parents contributed Carmen as the problem. Carmen has come from a Puerto Rican family that is strict on their religious beliefs. Carmen’s parents are concerned that she is marrying someone out their religious beliefs. Carmen has expressed to John that she would like him to convert. John is not receptive to this suggestion and does not feel that would make her parents like him anymore. The couple would like to be able to address these issues and do what is best for their future life together. The presenting problem of this couple is allowing outside influences interfere with the couples future together. The couple has not been able to set up boundaries and limits with their extended family so that they cannot dictate or influence how John and Carmen begin their future together. The premarital counselor has asked the couple to take the online RELATE assessment before them come into the first meeting. The counselor chose the RELATE assessment so that they could do it on their own timeShow MoreRelatedParole Is The Release Of A Convicted Offender1230 Words   |  5 PagesParole is the release of a convicted offender after he or she has completed a portion of his or her prison sentence (Alarid Del Carmen, 2012). Probation is a form of sentence for violating the law, which suspends the convicted offender’s sentence for a period of time and releases the offender back into the community under specific conditions (Alarid Del Carmen, 2012). The start of probation can be linked to England’s criminal law. During Henry VIII’s time, harsh sanctions were placed on adultsRead MoreThe Role And Image Of Women1369 Words   |  6 Pagesjust as deserving of their individual rights as men. This change would go beyond the political sphere and mainstream pop culture would also begin to show clear depictions of Spanish women transitioning into their new, independent role in society. Carmen Maura is a Spanish actress that was heavily involved in portraying the transitioning Spanish woman during the later stages of the transitional period and beyond. Particularly, her roles as Pepa in Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown (1988) andRead MoreEssay on Legal Writing Graded Project 11335 Words   |  6 Pagesyou to arrive at the County Office Building at 10:25 a.m. with all of the pictures you have of the comparable houses in your area. If you have aby further questions, please do not hesitate to call our office. Very truly yours, Carmen Bentley, legal assistant Carmen Bentley cc: Eliza Smith Exercise 2 THIS DEED Made the 8th day of November, in the year of Two Thousand and Fifteen (2015) Between Jane P. Smith, of the Township of Clark. Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, hereinafter referredRead MoreInsanity Plea Essay example1098 Words   |  5 PagesJohn Hinckley’s trial ended in 1982 with the verdict of not guilty by reason of insanity. About a year before, Hinckley shot Ronald Reagan because he was infatuated with the famous actress Jodie Foster. He thought shooting Reagan would impress her and lead her to fall in love with him. After the verdict was announced, the public responded with dismay because they felt as though Hinckley should pay for what he had done. Following the uproar, the United States revised and limited the insanity pleaRead MoreCoca Cola And The Largest Distribution System1635 Words   |  7 Pagesproducts to customers. [Coca-Cola Company. (2010)] Coca Cola Company was established by a pharmacist named ‘John Stith Pemberton’ in 1886 in Columbus with the main headquarters to be situated in Atlanta, Georgia. John Stith is the owner of the five largest non – alcoholic sparkling brands worldwide namely Coca Cola, Diet Coke, Coca-Cola Zero, Sprite and Fanda. Read MoreApplying Public Health Principles For The Hiv Epidemic923 Words   |  4 Pageswill help stopped this epidemic from spreading even more. This article also talks about the ways HV is transmitted and what can we do to protect ourselves from this virus. It took two decades for the United States to figure out a plan to report HIV cases. Now the best thing we can do is come up with a plan to make people aware of this virus so that it will not kill thousands of people in the next decade. We should improve the community and counseling of individual patients to prevent transmission.Read MoreThe Crime On Cote Des Neiges By David Montrose952 Words   |  4 Pagesin The Crime on Cote Des Neiges. The story li ne revolves around Private Investigator Russell Teed, the narration from his point of view throughout the story allows us to know what Teed is thinking and how he can get one step closer on closing this case. The insight of Teed’s thoughts and actions allows the reader a chance to further understand the main character as well as create a suspenseful atmosphere, allowing them to wonder which moves to follow or anticipate. Take for instance, when Teed followsRead MoreGoogle: Culture and Communication Essay980 Words   |  4 PagesCulture and Communication Victor L. Henry COM/530 Communications for Accountants June 7, 2010 Carmen Andia Abstract Google is the leader in providing multiple forms of data access on the Internet. Information for many sources can be found at the click of a mouse. To archive and disseminate information, Google maintains an open organizational culture that allows sharing of data within the company to be quick, easy, and concise. Even when communication conflicts arise within the companyRead MoreEssay about Cyber Bullying and Hate Speech1161 Words   |  5 PagesA younger generation are drawn to social media and have the ability to connect to friend and (perhaps) foes. Kids may take to the web to seek out justice after being wronged by a friend, but what are the rules for web based threats and ugly words? Cases have been made of kids lashing out on teachers and peers by creating hate groups and posting comments voicing their strong opinions. While many kids feel this is a harmless act that could be compared to griping about another student or teacher duringRead MoreCoca Cola And The Largest Distrib ution System1602 Words   |  7 Pagesdistribution system in the world which gives the company the ability to serve daily more than 1 billion of its products to customers. Coca Cola Company was established by a pharmacist named ‘John Stith Pemberton’ in 1886 in Columbus with the main headquarters to be situated in Atlanta, Georgia. John Stith is the owner of the five largest non – alcoholic sparkling brands worldwide namely Coca Cola, Diet Coke, Coca-Cola Zero, Sprite and Fanda.

Cipd Resourcing Talent free essay sample

The cost is not just for a new employees wage but for the advertisement and preparation behind the employment, including new computer and the equipment required for the role. The second factor which affects the recruitment process is the time scales involved in the initial advertising and recruitment of new staff. First of all a decision needs to be made by management of the applicant required and the role to be filled. Upon a decision a job description would be written and agreed and the role would then be advertised to the general public. Upon receipt of the application forms the line manager would shortlist appropriate candidates and interviews would be organised. After the interviews, letters would be sent to unsuccessful applicants and the appropriate candidate would be informed. The introduction procedure to the office and workstation and the companies requirements also need to be addressed by the line manager before the contract is signed. We will write a custom essay sample on Cipd Resourcing Talent or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another factor affecting the approach of an organisation could be the location of the company or the place of work. If a company wasn’t in a central location or was out of town this could limit the number of applicants applying as public transport could be limited. Another factor when recruiting is the organisations policies and how they help aim to recruit apprentices and offer training and progression to mould them into the employee we require. One of the benefits of attracting and retaining a diverse workforce is to offer company incentives to employees. This could include the opportunity to progress within the organisation and to be offered training and courses which not only helps the company but can also help to further their own careers. Another reason for an employee to remain within the same company is the opportunity to accrue extra holiday entitlement. As the longer they stay within the company the more holidays they will receive for the coming year. Companies also offer smaller incentives including yearly bonuses for hitting targets, company cars for employees whom have to travel within the job role, also mobile phones and laptops to keep in contact when the job role entails working away from the office. When a company is ready to recruit, the main option is to use the local job centre which will advertise and explain the role to interested candidates. The job centre also has a website which on the positive side can be viewed nationally attracting a wider audience. The downside of the job centre is that they cater mainly for long term unemployed and aim to encourage them back into employment. Recommendations and in-house selection is another option which will cut time and cost for the organisation. An emailed advert could be sent to all employees with the details of the post available to attract a candidate whom already knows the policies and procedures of the company. The downside of this option is that often if more than one candidate is interested it can be seen to be favouritism on the part of the successful applicant leading to discord amongst the remaining staff. The other option is to offer extended hours to part time workers or the position could be shared to two part time employees, again training is not required and the costs are kept down. The downside is that if a job share is agreed there is no continuity and clients might see this as unprofessional as they would prefer to deal with the same employee throughout. The alternative option is to ask an agency to organise the recruitment, this means that no time is lost but can be very costly. Also if the agency doesn’t understand the company’s requirements the incorrect description could be published and the applicant could be undesirable. The selection process is dependent on the amount of application forms received and the quality of them. If the CV’s meet the criteria we would then shortlist further by inviting the candidates in for an aptitude test. When we have then narrowed these applicants down by the test of their ability we would invite them in for an interview. If we could still not make a decision from the interviews we could look at requesting references from their previous employers or offer a one-week trial period to confirm they were suitable for the job given. Also if the decision could not be made by their line manager we could invite them back for a second interview with the managing director. This report has leaded me to the conclusion that there are many factors to be considered when recruiting new staff and all aspects should be thoroughly reviewed. We hold all curriculum vitae’s for at least 6 months, these are held in a locked filing cabinet, with them split down to the position applied for and those that were short listed and those that weren’t. This is for our benefit so that if another position came available and we felt that an applicant could fill it we would contact them and make them aware that this was available. We hold the original application forms on all current staff, including next of kin forms, CRB checks, medical history, probationary documentation, driving license, qualifications including expired certificates, disciplinary records, attendance records, and personal bank details. All this information is held throughout the employee’s time with Stone Technical Services and six months after.

Knowledge on Commandments Gains Power an Example by

Knowledge on Commandments Gains Power by Expert Marvellous | 27 Dec 2016 Introduction essay sample Need essay sample on "Knowledge on Commandments Gains Power" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Power is a complicated term that has the different meaning. It can be the ability to govern wherein it implies the influence of the ruler on its subordinates. Or it can be the ability to control the subsidiaries of the person in the high position. It can be the ability to initially influence the people around him. According to the story of Discipline and Punish by Michel Foucault, power was possessed by the sovereign in the eighteenth century. It was him who has the ultimate control of everything over his subordinates. It was he who decided on the things that could be done and the things that could not be done in a specific place. Also, it was he who gave punishments to the people who had committed a crime. He was also the one who decided the extent of the punishments to the criminals. And he is also the one that decides the date of the execution. He has the control of everything, all the things that concerned the society and the people where he is governing. The punishments those times as what Michel Foucault elaborated were brutal ones. The condemned man was being tortured. The body of the condemned man was being punished to the extent the physical pain that was being induced to him should leave a mark to its body for him to learn his lesson. The extent of the torture was being determined on how the sovereign wants the condemned man to learn his lessons. This kind of punishment was shown in the story of Franz Kafka, which is the In the Penal Colony. In this story there were four major characters namely: the officer, the explorer, the condemned man, and the soldier. In the story, the explorer went to a penal colony for a visit to honor the invitation of the new commander of the said penal colony. During his visit, he was supposed to witness an execution. But before the execution, the officer showed the explorer the machine that will be used in the execution of the condemned man. The condemned man was to be punished for he was asleep during his working hours and he was caught in the act by his superior. His superior sued him and wanted him to be punished so he was sent to the penal colony. He was prosecuted because of his actions. His prosecution will be done for him to learn from the wrong deed he had done. The process and the outcome of the prosecution are unknown to the condemned man. The only thing he knew was that he will be punished because of his action. He did not know the extent of his punishment and its outcome, which is death. This process was given an extra attention by the explorer and the ignorance of the condemned man of his punishment as well. The explorer continuously questioned the officer the regarding the severity of the punishment to the condemned man and as well the intensity of the punishment in reference to his offense. Also, the explorer questioned the officer if the punishment could teach the condemned man the lesson that he will not do the same offense in the future. The officer did not expect the condemned man to repeat the same offense for there was no second chance in such punishment. And in the end, after the long talk of the officer and the explorer, the officer freed the condemned man and prosecuted himself. Because the officer cannot accept the fact the punishment he was implementing was not applicable anymore to the society and the time that that punishment was still acceptable has already passed. The new commandant of the penal colony was not agreeing with the type of punishment. And for him, the officer, not to dishonor his past commandant who designed and made the prosecuting machine, he prosecuted himself instead. It was shown in this story of Kafka that the guilt of the condemned man was determined without a doubt. The guilt of the condemned man was determined when his superior filed the case against the condemned man. The condemned man did not have the chance to defend himself from the accusation that he was facing and all he could do in the end was to face the punishment that was put to him by the officer. This story can be related to the work of Foucault where the guilt of a condemned man is determined without a doubt by the sovereign in the eighteenth century. And people are being punished without any mercy in front of the public showing to all the power of the sovereign is ultimate. The condemned people were being penalized without any investigation. They were being punished depending on the vision of the sovereign about their offense to the law that was also set by the sovereign. The head is the law. That was the belief of the people back then. All the things that were said by the sovereign were absolute that time. Also, it was on the belief of the sovereign that all his words were the commandment in his place that no one will ever try to break it. And once broken, the law, he will put his punishment out of his vengeance to the condemned man. He will seek great vengeance to the condemned for he somewhat made fun of the things that the sovereign supposed in his place. And without any further investigation, his verdict is final supported by all the assumptions he had. And the punishment will be given as a public execution, with all the subordinates of the sovereign watching. This thing only shows that the sovereign is showing the people his power and how he exercise it and as well the victory of his law. Eventually as time passed, the concept of punishment has already changed, from a brutal way of punishment to a more just one. It was discussed in the story Foucault that the view of the people on punishment in time changed that they no longer favor the cruel way of punishing the wrong doers. The punishment was no longer directed to the body of the condemned man in the form of torture but to a form where the man and the society will learn. And to start the changes that they were doing, they needed to make a concrete law. The people back then decided to discuss the possible crimes that person could do and the possible punishment that they could give to the condemned man. And also, a lot deliberation will be done for them to be able to give the utmost consideration to the condemned. They discussed the relentlessness of the punishment that will be given and the situation where it will be given. The variability of the severity of the punishment will also be considered depending on the physical ability of the condemned man. All the possible consideration that they could give to the condemned man will be taken into action. A proper due process was also completed. The condemned man will not be punished without undergoing any investigation. The guilt of the person will be determined with a doubt until proven guilty. The verdict of the condemned man will not be simply based on the guilt of the person but to the proper assessments of the evidences laid. And the condemned man will eventually know the punishment he will get and he would also know the reasons why he will be penalized. It was also put into a consideration that the punishment system will be for the betterment of the society. The punishment system was made as the consequences of the crimes that were identified and not as a form of revenge to the condemned. The punishment system that will be given will ensure that there would no repetition of the crime in the future. That the punishment could have the minimal impression to the condemned man but maximum one to the other members of the society. A continuous study will be done regarding the origin of the punishment system and the changes it undergone to be able to reach its stage today. As these changes occur in the punishment system, the power that was solely to the sovereign was now compartmentalized to the different part of the society. The filing of accusation will be done in a different part of the society. As well the investigation will be done by another sector of the society and the final verdict will be given by a different sector of the society as well. The power of the sovereign in giving punishments will be distributed to these different sectors of the society. This compartmentalization was done so to decrease the bias that could be attained while processing the punishment of a condemned man. And a proper due process will be given to the condemned man. And through this as well, the condemned man will be given a chance to appeal for himself if ever he is not satisfied with the result of this trial. A fair trial is what everybody deserves. Reform was the key to the continuous change in the society. The power defined in the sovereign remains. He still has the absolute power or control over his subordinates. But then the powers that were given to the other sectors of the society were different from that of the sovereign. The knowledge that they had acquired from their studies became the key for them to have the power they had already. Knowledge is power; this was what Michel Foucault emphasized in his story. As they learned new things, they were able to make better ways to improve the punishment system that time. And it turned out that the knowledge that they had acquired did not just help them improve the punishment system but as well the laws and the over all situation of the society. It only means that a person who is knowledgeable knows his subjects and through the power he gained, he could do analysis about his subjects. And this knowledge-power relation made it possible for the people in those times analyzed the things that had happened in the past and relate them to their present. And through this, they were able to find out that the different methods that they were using in the present were better for the people rather than the harsh methods of the past. The positive outlook of the people towards things made their lives better. And as well the people in those times were living respect to the sovereign rather the fear that they had felt in the past. The obedience of the people will not be questioned, for they were showing respect to the authority. The respect that was gained through time will be observed, rather than the blind obedience that the people were being just obedient for they fear the authorities. The fear that may cause problems to the society in the future will always be present in their minds. With this knowledge, one can be confused. Like what happened to K in the book of The Trial by Franz Kafka, he knows that he did not do anything wrong but then he was suddenly arrested. He was arrested at the morning of his thirtieth birthday. He was arrested but accused with nothing. And the worst thing was that the warders that arrested him did not know the exact charge against K. he was brought then to the Inspector who was the one in charge of his arrest but then the Inspector himself did not know as well the reason why K was been arrested. Nobody would tell him the reason why was he on trial and the reason why he was arrested in the first place. Until the end that he was killed on his thirty-first birthday by the two men he did not know as well. In our chaotic society it is the law that binds it and makes significance for its existence. It is the law that becomes its backbone and the reason for its existence. When the people commit a crime, they seek the people who know the law to understand more. They review the written law to comprehend all the stuffs written on it. Like in the story presented above, K did not understand many things. He did not know the reason why he was arrested and why it was being kept from him. He looked for the law for him to comprehend but then there was no one who would explain things to him. These things were also felt by the condemned people in the eighteenth century, they were being penalized unfairly. They also seek for the understanding and the explanation of the things that are happening to them. They also seek for the processes that will be done during their punishment but they get no answer as well for all the things that involves their punishment is being kept secret by the high officials and the sovereign. And all that they do in their life is to wait for the sentence that awaits them, unfair but it was true. In our life there comes a time when we are confused of so many things as well. There comes a time that the things that are happening in our lives seems to have no meaning in us. There are things we do because they are the things that most people do as well, but in the end we do not understand those things. And there are things that we believe because they were the things that most people also believe. And also there are things in our life that we perform but we do not really know. All these things happen in ones life and it all depends on us on how we deal on these things. In the end when we seek for understanding, the only person that we could rely on is our own selves. We are the ones in those situations and we are the only ones who can make the analyses for our own selves. We should not be afraid of the truth for those things will set us free from all the confusions that we can think of. And to attain the comprehension that we require, we need knowledge to equip ourselves. We need to have enough knowledge to be able to analyze things. And through this knowledge we could earn power, the power that we could use in attaining a self composure. Understanding is not an easy thing, it is a process. And through this process we could see the insights and decrements of our own selves and the society. Knowledge is power, so we should not disregard the knowledge-power relation. References Foucault, Michel (1977). Discipline and Punish. Retrieved May 2008 from http://web.ics.purdue.edu/~felluga/punish.html Kafka, Franz (April 2005). The Trial. Retrieved May 2008 from http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/etext05/ktria11.txt Kafka, Franz (February 2007). In the Penal Colony. Retrieved May 2008 from http://www.mala.bc.ca/~johnstoi/kafka/inthepenalcolony.htm Digeser, Peter (November 1992). The Fourth Face of Power. Retrieved May 2008 from http://www.jstor.org/pss/2132105